Tollip Antibody

• 产品编号：CST-4748S      品牌：CST       原厂货号：4748S
• 产品分类：抗体 > 一抗 > 蛋白特异性一抗
• 应用分类：

描述：

Tollip Antibody 能够检测内源Tollip总蛋白水平。此多克隆抗体是通过合成人源对应的Tollip cys229位点周围的肽段来免疫动物而获得。抗体是通过protein A和多肽亲和层析纯化。Toll样受体(TLR) 家族成员, 是因与其密切相关的果蝇Toll受体而命名的，TLR在天然免疫中发挥了极其重要的作用(1-3)。TLRs 能够识别不同病原菌中保守的结构域并介导防御反应。TLR的触发导致了NF-κB信号通路的激活并因此调控下游的免疫和炎症基因的表达。TLRs与IL-1受体家族都包含一个大约200个氨基酸的保守区域—TIR结构域。受到激活后，TLRs 与细胞质中的含有TIR区域的一系列接头蛋白作用，包括MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor), MAL/TIRAP (MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein), TRIF (Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon), and TRAM (Toll-receptor-associated molecule)。这些反应导致了IRAK1 和 IRAK4的招募和激活，并与TRAF6 形成复合体激活 TAK1 和 IKK。IKK的激活导致了正常情况下截留NF-κB在细胞质中而失去活性的IκB的降解。Tollip (Toll互作蛋白)是一个接头蛋白，最初被发现与IRAK复合体相关并在IL-1的刺激下结合到IL-1R上 (4)。过表达Tollip导致NF-κB信号通路的严重缺陷 (4)。Tollip 也直接与TLR2和TLR4相关并通过对IRAK的抑制而抑制TLR介导的信号通路(5)。研究Tollip 缺失的小鼠提示它在对 IL-1 和 LPS的应答过程中对炎症因子的调控有着作用(6)。

1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8.
2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7.
5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
15. Burns, K. et al. (2000) Nat. Cell Biol. 2, 346-351.
16. Zhang, G. and Ghosh, S. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 7059-7065.
17. Didierlaurent, A. et al. (2006) Mol. Cell Biol. 26, 735-742.

原厂资料：

Specificity / Sensitivity

Tollip Antibody detects endogenous levels of total Tollip protein.

Source / Purification

Polyclonal antibodies are produced by immunizing animals with a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues surrounding cysteine 229 of human Tollip. Antibodies are purified by protein A and peptide affinity chromatography.

Background

Members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, named for the closely related Toll receptor in Drosophila, play a pivotal role in innate immune responses (1-3). TLRs recognize conserved motifs found in various pathogens and mediate defense responses. Triggering of the TLR pathway leads to the activation of NF-κB and subsequent regulation of immune and inflammatory genes. The TLRs and members of the IL-1 receptor family share a conserved stretch of approximately 200 amino acids known as the TIR domain. Upon activation, TLRs associate with a number of cytoplasmic adaptor proteins containing TIR domains including MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor), MAL/TIRAP (MyD88-adaptor-like/TIR-associated protein), TRIF (Toll-receptor-associated activator of interferon), and TRAM (Toll-receptor-associated molecule). This association leads to the recruitment and activation of IRAK1 and IRAK4, which form a complex with TRAF6 to activate TAK1 and IKK. Activation of IKK leads to the degradation of IκB that normally maintains NF-κB inactivity by sequestering it in the cytoplasm.Tollip (Toll interacting protein) is an adaptor protein discovered to be associated with the IRAK complex and recruited to IL1-R following IL-1 stimulation (4). Overexpression of Tollip results in impaired NF-κB signaling (4). Tollip also associates directly with TLR2 and TLR4 and inhibits TLR-mediated signaling through inhibition of IRAK (5). Studies of Tollip deficient mice suggest that it plays a role in the regulation of inflammatory cytokines in response to IL-1 and LPS (6).

1. Akira, S. (2003) J Biol Chem 278, 38105-8.
2. Beutler, B. (2004) Nature 430, 257-63.
3. Dunne, A. and O'Neill, L.A. (2003) Sci STKE 2003, re3.
4. Medzhitov, R. et al. (1997) Nature 388, 394-7.
5. Schwandner, R. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 17406-9.
6. Takeuchi, O. et al. (1999) Immunity 11, 443-51.
7. Alexopoulou, L. et al. (2001) Nature 413, 732-8.
8. Zhang, F.X. et al. (1999) J Biol Chem 274, 7611-4.
9. Horng, T. et al. (2001) Nat Immunol 2, 835-41.
10. Oshiumi, H. et al. (2003) Nat Immunol 4, 161-7.
11. Muzio, M. et al. (1997) Science 278, 1612-5.
12. Wesche, H. et al. (1997) Immunity 7, 837-47.
13. Suzuki, N. et al. (2002) Nature 416, 750-6.
14. Irie, T. et al. (2000) FEBS Lett 467, 160-4.
15. Burns, K. et al. (2000) Nat. Cell Biol. 2, 346-351.
16. Zhang, G. and Ghosh, S. (2002) J. Biol. Chem. 277, 7059-7065.
17. Didierlaurent, A. et al. (2006) Mol. Cell Biol. 26, 735-742.

注意事项：

Storage: Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM
NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA and 50% glycerol. Store at –20°C.
Do not aliquot the antibody.